# Kars’s Oral Tradition: Ashiks (Bards), Epics, and Folk Tales

Kars, a city steeped in history and culture located in northeastern Turkey, boasts a rich oral tradition that has been passed down through generations. At the heart of this tradition are the Ashiks, or bards, who play a crucial role in preserving and sharing the region’s epics and folk tales. This article delves into the significance of Kars’s oral tradition, the role of Ashiks, the nature of its epics, and the important folk tales that continue to resonate with the community today.

The Role of Ashiks in Kars’s Cultural Heritage

Ashiks are not merely entertainers; they are the custodians of Kars’s oral heritage. These bards are skilled musicians and poets who tell stories through song, often accompanying themselves with traditional instruments such as the saz or baglama. Their performances are a blend of music, poetry, and storytelling, making them a vital link between the past and present.

In Kars, Ashiks serve several important functions: they entertain, educate, and preserve the communal memory of the people. By recounting historical events, societal values, and moral lessons through their art, Ashiks contribute to the cultural identity of Kars. Their performances are often held during weddings, festivals, and public gatherings, allowing them to engage with the community and keep traditions alive.

The Richness of Epics in Kars

Epics are a cornerstone of Kars’s oral tradition, encapsulating the history, struggles, and triumphs of the region’s people. These long narratives often focus on heroic figures, legendary events, and the virtues of bravery and honor. Kars’s epics not only entertain but also educate listeners about their heritage, often highlighting the importance of community and resilience.

One of the most celebrated epics from the region is the tale of “Köroğlu,” a legendary figure who embodies the spirit of resistance against tyranny. This epic reflects the values of bravery and justice, resonating deeply with the local populace. The storytelling style of Ashiks brings these epics to life, reinforcing their significance and ensuring that they remain relevant in contemporary society.

Folk Tales: The Heartbeat of Kars’s Oral Tradition

In addition to epics, Kars is home to a plethora of folk tales that encapsulate the everyday experiences, wisdom, and humor of its people. These tales often feature common characters such as clever animals or wise elders, imparting moral lessons and cultural norms. They serve as a means of entertainment, as well as a tool for imparting wisdom to younger generations.

Many folk tales from Kars revolve around themes of love, loyalty, and the triumph of good over evil. For instance, stories about “Deli Dumrul,” a character known for his bravery and foolishness, highlight the complexities of human nature and moral dilemmas. By sharing these tales, Ashiks help to strengthen community bonds and foster a sense of belonging among residents.

The Transmission of Oral Traditions

The transmission of Kars’s oral traditions is a dynamic process that relies heavily on performance and audience interaction. Ashiks often adapt their narratives to suit contemporary contexts, ensuring that the stories remain relevant to modern listeners. This adaptability is crucial in keeping the oral tradition alive, as it allows for the integration of new experiences and societal changes.

Moreover, the role of technology cannot be overlooked in the preservation and promotion of these traditions. With the advent of social media and digital platforms, Ashiks are now able to reach a wider audience, sharing their performances beyond the local community. This has sparked a renewed interest in Kars’s oral heritage, inspiring younger generations to engage with their cultural roots.

The Future of Kars’s Oral Tradition

As globalization continues to influence cultural practices, the future of Kars’s oral tradition remains uncertain. However, the resilience of its community and the dedication of its Ashiks suggest a promising outlook. Efforts to document and promote these traditions through festivals, workshops, and educational programs are essential to ensure their survival.

In conclusion, Kars’s oral tradition, characterized by the artistry of Ashiks, the depth of its epics, and the richness of its folk tales, forms an integral part of the city’s cultural identity. By continuing to share these stories, the people of Kars not only honor their past but also cultivate a sense of unity and pride in their heritage. As long as the Ashiks sing, the tales of Kars will endure, echoing through the generations to come.